The Investigation of Molecular Networks Involved in Diabetes Remission Achieved by Metabolic Bariatric Surgery

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Shan Zaidi, Ancha Baranova, Ph.D.
Department of Biology, George Mason University University, Fairfax, VA, USA

Bariatric surgery, which is primarily used to treat obesity, has shown to elicit a remission in type 2 diabetes mellitus in 40 – 50% of patients. After analysis of existing literature concerning metabolic control exerted by gut hormones, we prioritized oxyntomodulin (OXM), peptide YY (PYY), pancreatic polypeptide (PPY), ghrelin, and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) as important
soluble contributors to anti-diabetic effects of bariatric surgery. To find support for this hypothesis, analysis of diabetes-associated genetic networks was performed in Pathway Studio environment. Lowered concentrations of PYY in plasma may contribute to both type 2 diabetes and obesity. The list of molecules with levels elevated post-surgery include GLP-1 and agonists for its receptors, well-known to improve insulin and normalize glucagon defects in diabetic patients. OXM inhibits ghrelin release, thus, displaying a potential for a development as novel therapeutic. We conclude that comprehensive understanding of the post-bariatric changes in gut hormones milieu may produce novel targets for the development of novel anti-diabetic medications.

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