International Multiconference “Bioinformatics of Genome Regulation and Structure\Systems Biology”

Tag

mitochondrial genome

2 RESULTS
Bioinformatics and systems biology of plants symposiumMolecular genetic analysis of alloplasmic recombinant lines (Triticum dicoccum) -Triticum aestivum

Molecular genetic analysis of alloplasmic recombinant lines (Triticum dicoccum) -Triticum aestivum

No Comment on Molecular genetic analysis of alloplasmic recombinant lines (Triticum dicoccum) -Triticum aestivum

Poster (download)

[pdf-embedder url=”https://bgrssb.icgbio.ru/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/133.pdf”]
Shcherban A.B.1, Perfil’ev R.N2, Salina E.A.3
1Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, atos@bionet.nsc.ru
2Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, pervf.1999@gmail.com
3Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, sunday01@mail.ru

Molecular markers were used to analyze the mitochondrial genome of the alloplasmic lines of wheat containing the nuclear genome of the hexaploid wheat T. aestivum against the background of the cytoplasm of tetraploid wheat T.dicoccum. Eight lines showed patterns of PCR and CAPS markers corresponding to the species T. aestivum, indicating the substitution of the mitochondrial genome of T. dicoccum during backcrossing with hexaploid wheat. In the D-N-05 line, the rps19 and orf256 gene markers corresponded to the parental species T.dicoccum. This line is promising in terms of studying the mechanisms of fertility restoration in hybrids with CMS. Also, using molecular marker, the nuclear gene Dreb-1, which is a regulator of drought tolerance, was analyzed and it was shown that В line D-41-05 had an introgression of this gene from the B genome of T. dicoccum, which may lead to the previously established increased drought tolerance of this line.

Bioinformatics and systems biology of plants symposiumComplete sequencing of barley organellar genomes: new data for intraspecific differentiation

Complete sequencing of barley organellar genomes: new data for intraspecific differentiation

No Comment on Complete sequencing of barley organellar genomes: new data for intraspecific differentiation

Poster (download)

[pdf-embedder url=”https://bgrssb.icgbio.ru/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/392.pdf”]
Yermakovich (Makarevich) Anna1, Siniauskaya Maryna2, Liaudanski Aleh3, Halayenka Innesa4, Davydenko Oleg5
1Institute of Genetics and Cytology of NAS of Belarus, Laboratory of Cytoplasmic Inheritance, bio.makarevich@gmail.com
2Institute of Genetics and Cytology of NAS of Belarus, Laboratory of Cytoplasmic Inheritance, m.sin@inbox.ru
3Institute of Genetics and Cytology of NAS of Belarus, Laboratory of Cytoplasmic Inheritance, 666555@tut.by
4Institute of Genetics and Cytology of NAS of Belarus, Laboratory of Cytoplasmic Inheritance, goloenkoi@tut.by
5Institute of Genetics and Cytology of NAS of Belarus, Laboratory of Cytoplasmic Inheritance, davydenko@tut.by

Organelle genomes are an important tool to investigate domestication, distribution and microevolution of plant species. However, they have found limited use in cereal intraspecific studies so far.

In the present study, organelle genomes of wild (Hordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneum) and cultivated (H. vulgare subsp. vulgare) barley forms were sequenced. We conducted theВ NGS of isolated chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA mixtures. This non-trivial approach allowed to obtain both genomes for each sample but required some specific steps in the data processing.

Comparative analysis of obtained sequences revealed more than 100 polymorphic sites in the chloroplast genome, including new intraspecific SSR-markers, and more than 20 polymorphisms in the mitochondrial genome.

We also carry out the phylogenetic analysis of these genomes. Chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA trees were consistent with each other, indicating the presence of two large clades containing both wild and cultivated forms.

Our results are conforming with a hypothesis of several domestication centres of barley. They also provide direct evidence of a higher rate of nucleotide substitutions in the chloroplast genomes as compared to that of mitochondria on a microevolution scale. The revealed high level of variability of chloroplast genomes makes it possible to use them for intraspecific barley differentiation.