Accepted_test
Orthogonal translation, changing the specificity of aminoacyl tRNA synthetases.
One way to create proteins and peptides with new properties is to incorporate amino acids not found in nature. Such amino acids are called non-natural or non-canonic amino acids (ncAA). Traditionally, such amino acids are incorporated, usually into small peptides, by chemical synthesis or post-translational modification of an amino acid residue. This approach has many limitations, including economic ones.
Strains producing proteins with ncAAs were obtained for the first time in Russia. Using PACE, variants capable of incorporating a number of tyrosine derivative amino acids were generated from the pyrrolysine aaRS/tRNA pair: O-allyl-tyrosine, o-triazide-tyrosine, o-methyl-tyrosine, p-amine-phenylalanine, and 2-chloro-phenylalanine.