Wheat and maize miRNAs are potential regulators of human genes expression

Rakhmetullina Aizhan¹, Ivashchenko Anatoliy², Pyrkova Anna^3
1SRI of biology and biotechnology problems Al-Farabi Kazakh National University Almaty, Kazakhstan, zhanullina1994@gmail.com
²SRI of biology and biotechnology problems Al-Farabi Kazakh National University Almaty, Kazakhstan, a.iavashchenko@gmail.com
³SRI of biology and biotechnology problems Al-Farabi Kazakh National University Almaty, Kazakhstan, anna.pyrkova@kaznu.kz

With food, a huge variety of biological material gets into the human digestive tract, which the body uses for life support. The variety of food material entering the gastrointestinal tract, especially at the molecular level, cannot be distinguished from endogenous metabolites and these exogenous compounds can significantly alter the body\’s metabolism. Such compounds include plant miRNAs, which are indistinguishable from endogenous human miRNAs in physicochemical properties. It is necessary to clarify the degree of influence of exogenous plant miRNAs on the expression of human genes, since it is not known in advance what consequences can occur when plant miRNAs enters the human body. A huge amount of research does not allow experiments with all human genes and all plant miRNAs, so we have studied the effect of wheat and maize miRNAs on human genes using computer methods. As a result of studying the binding of 125 tae-miRNAs and 325 zma-miRNAs to mRNAs of 17508 human genes it was revealed that 158 genes were targets for 52 tae-miRNAs and 51 genes for 11 zma-miRNAs. Binding sites in the mRNA of human genes were located in 5\’UTR, CDS, 3\’UTR.