Multigene phylogenies for the earthworm Eisenia nordenskioldi (Lumbricidae, Annelida)

Sergei V. Shekhovtsov1, Alexandra A. Shipova2, Tatiana V. Polyboyarova3, Sergei E. Peltek41Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, shekhovtsov@bionet.nsc.ru2Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, shipova@bionet.nsc.ru3Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, poluboyarova@bionet.nsc.ru4Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, peltek@bionet.nsc.ru Eisenia nordenskioldi is a polymorphic earthworm species with two subspecies and high cryptic genetic diversity. We performed transcriptome sequencing for eleven genetic lineages of this species and built phylogenies based on different extracted datasets. We demonstrated that, contrary to previous studies, E. nordenskioldi is monophyletic, but both of its subspecies are polyphyletic. E. nordenskioldi was split into two groups of lineages, representing the northwestern and southeastern parts of its range.

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Complete sequencing of barley organellar genomes: new data for intraspecific differentiation

Poster (download) Yermakovich (Makarevich) Anna1, Siniauskaya Maryna2, Liaudanski Aleh3, Halayenka Innesa4, Davydenko Oleg51Institute of Genetics and Cytology of NAS of Belarus, Laboratory of Cytoplasmic Inheritance, bio.makarevich@gmail.com2Institute of Genetics and Cytology of NAS of Belarus, Laboratory of Cytoplasmic Inheritance, m.sin@inbox.ru3Institute of Genetics and Cytology of NAS of Belarus, Laboratory of Cytoplasmic Inheritance, 666555@tut.by4Institute of Genetics and Cytology of NAS of Belarus, Laboratory of Cytoplasmic Inheritance, goloenkoi@tut.by5Institute of Genetics and Cytology of NAS of Belarus, Laboratory of Cytoplasmic Inheritance, davydenko@tut.by Organelle genomes are an important tool to investigate domestication, distribution and microevolution of plant species. However, they have found limited use in cereal intraspecific studies so far. In the present study, organelle genomes of wild (Hordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneum) and cultivated (H. vulgare subsp. vulgare) barley forms were sequenced. We conducted theВ NGS of isolated chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA mixtures. This non-trivial approach allowed to obtain both genomes for each sample but required some specific steps in the data processing. Comparative analysis of obtained sequences revealed more than 100 polymorphic sites in the chloroplast genome, including new intraspecific SSR-markers, and more than 20 polymorphisms in the mitochondrial genome. We also carry out the phylogenetic analysis of these genomes. Chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA trees were consistent with each other, indicating the presence of two large clades containing both wild and cultivated forms. Our results are conforming with a hypothesis of several domestication centres of barley. They also provide direct evidence of a higher rate of nucleotide substitutions in the chloroplast genomes as compared to that of mitochondria on a microevolution scale. The revealed high level of variability of chloroplast genomes makes it possible to use them for intraspecific barley differentiation.

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