Poster (download) Alexandr Vikhorev1, Nikolay Shmakov2, Anastasia Glagoleva3, Elena Khlestkina4, Olesya Shoeva51Novosibirsk State University, vikhorev@bionet.nsc.ru2Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, shmakov@bionet.nsc.ru3Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, glagoleva@bionet.nsc.ru4All-Russian Institute of Plant Recources, khlest@bionet.nsc.ru5Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, olesya_ter@bionet.nsc.ru Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most important crop in the world. It provides about 20% of the total calories consumed by humans. For a long time, wheat selection was mainly based on phenotypic traits of the shoot, but the roots were given little attention. As a result, the root system of modern wheat varieties has weakened. Therefore, the study of genetic control of wheat roots development is an urgent issue. In this study, sequencing of RNA libraries from roots and coleoptile of Russian spring variety “Saratovskaya, 29” was performed. De novo transcriptome was assembled. 31,488 up-regulated, 35,851 down-regulated and 18,040 roots-specific transcripts were found. The subsequent analysis of genes with differential expression will allow choosing the candidate genes for development of wheat varieties with resistant root system.